Determination of early bone metastasis on Bone Scans Using the Gray Levels Histogram

Mónica Pérez Meza; Alberto Jaramillo Núñez; Bolivia  Cuevas Otahola; Jesús Alonso  Arriaga Hernández; Bárbara Emma  Sánchez Rinza

doi:10.17488/RMIB.42.2.1

Authors

Mónica Pérez Meza Universidad de la Sierra Sur, Mexico https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0739-2353
Alberto Jaramillo Núñez Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica Óptica y Electrónica, México https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1995-9743
Bolivia Cuevas Otahola Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, México https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1046-1500
Jesús Alonso Arriaga Hernández Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, México https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8059-9399
Bárbara Emma Sánchez Rinza Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, México

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17488/RMIB.42.2.1

Keywords:

Bone scan, Skeletal metastasis, Image histogram, Digital image processing

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to show a technique to speed up the interpretation of bone scans in order to determine the presence of early bone metastasis. This is done using the gray levels histogram of the region of interest. The technique is intended to assist in the bone scans interpretation in order to provide a successful diagnosis. During the analysis, three types of histograms were observed on the regions of interest. If the histogram is narrow and shifted toward the origin, the bone scan is free of metastasis. If it is shifted to the right and slightly broadened, indicates the presence of a bone anomaly different from a metastasis. On the other hand, if the histogram is more broadened and shifted to the right, is suggests the presence of metastasis. This histogram is characterized by displaying small curls on the right side providing information about the metastatic disease stage, which could be low-amplitude peaks and have a short length, if the metastasis is in early stage, or high-amplitude peaks and a long length, if is advanced. Finally, the analyzed region is displayed in false color considering the minimum gray levels observed in the histogram.

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