Tecnologías Emergentes como Apoyo en la Rehabilitación Propioceptiva: una Revisión del Alcance
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17488/RMIB.46.1.1472Palabras clave:
dispositivos mecánicos, exoesqueletos, redes neuronales convolucionales, terapiasResumen
El entrenamiento propioceptivo representa cualquier intervención de la función propioceptiva que ayude a mejorar el desempeño de la función motora. Se consideran tres tipos de intervenciones: Entrenamiento de Movimiento (EM); Entrenamiento de Estimulación Somatosensorial (EES) y Entrenamiento de Reproducción de Fuerza (ERF). Este estudio analiza el alcance de las tecnologías emergentes, como los exoesqueletos, dispositivos mecánicos, Inteligencia Artificial (IA), Realidad Virtual (VR), el Internet de las Cosas (IdC) y sensores, destacando su aplicación en las terapias propioceptivas, con énfasis en el EM, EES, y ERF. Se revisaron 107 artículos publicados en revistas científicas, de los cuales 30 cumplieron los criterios de inclusión: 1) Implementación de terapia de intervención propioceptiva; 2) uso de tecnología; 3) publicación posterior al año 2019, y 4) redacción en inglés. De los estudios analizados, el 43 % empleó IA, mostrando su creciente adopción, mientras que el IdC fue la tecnología menos utilizada, con un 3 %. Se concluye que las tecnologías emergentes son fundamentales en la rehabilitación propioceptiva, al permitir el análisis de información antes y después de procedimientos quirúrgicos, la evaluación de patrones en tiempo real, y la clasificación de señales sensoriales. Además, ofrecen alternativas efectivas frente a métodos tradiciones de medición.
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