Effect of the Unilateral Breast Cancer Surgery on the Shoulder Movement: Electromyographic and Motion

Israel Miguel-Andrés; Silvia Beatríz García-González; José de Jesús Mayagoitia-Vázquez; Karla  Barrera-Beltrán; Didier  Samayoa-Ochoa; Miguel  León-Rodríguez; Leonardo Azael  García-García

doi:10.17488/RMIB.43.1.4

Autores/as

Israel Miguel-Andrés Centro de Innovación Aplicada en Tecnologías Competitivas (CIATEC, A.C.), México https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9433-7864
Silvia Beatríz García-González Clinical Research, University of Guanajuato, Mexico
José de Jesús Mayagoitia-Vázquez Centro de Innovación Aplicada en Tecnologías Competitivas (CIATEC, A.C.), México
Karla Barrera-Beltrán Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad del Bajío, México
Didier Samayoa-Ochoa ESIME Zacatenco, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0115-0022
Miguel León-Rodríguez Universidad Politécnica de Guanajuato, México https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1309-2226
Leonardo Azael García-García University of Sussex, United Kingdom https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1664-4698

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17488/RMIB.43.1.4

Palabras clave:

Cáncer de mama, Electromiografía, Mastectomía, Hombro, Rehabilitación

Resumen

Después de la cirugía de cáncer de mama, las mujeres pueden desarrollar deficiencias musculoesqueléticas que afectan los movimientos de las extremidades superiores y reducen la calidad de vida. El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar el efecto de la cirugía unilateral del cáncer de mama sobre la cinemática del hombro y la actividad eléctrica de los músculos trapecio superior, deltoides medio y pectoral mayor. Se incluyeron ocho participantes diestras, edad promedio 46.5 ± 5.45 años y masa promedio 71.21 ± 13.33 kg, con cirugía de cáncer de mama unilateral, sin reconstrucción mamaria y sin síntomas de linfedema. Los movimientos de flexión-extensión y abducción-aducción del hombro se evaluaron con cámaras infrarrojas y se midió la actividad eléctrica mediante electromiografía de superficie. El análisis estadístico de los ángulos de dirección mostró una reducción significativa del movimiento de flexión-extensión y abducción-aducción en el lado afectado en la mayoría de las participantes (p<0.05). La actividad eléctrica muscular no presentó diferencia significativa entre los dos lados para los movimientos de flexión-extensión y abducción-aducción (p>0.05). Los resultados sugieren que el procedimiento quirúrgico podría comprometer el rango de movimiento del lado afectado. Además, esta investigación contribuye a esclarecer el efecto del procedimiento quirúrgico en el rango de movimiento de los miembros superiores.

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